Riveting hammer



Sept. 4, 14923.

P. R. SMITH RIVETING' HAMMER Filed April l,

Sept. 4, 1923.

P. R. SMITH RIVETING HAMMER Filed Apil 1 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 MHMHMTA- Patented Sept. 4, 1923.

lLuana PERCY B. SMITH, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT F COLUMBIA.

RIVETING HAMMER.

Application led April 1,

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, PERCY R. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Washington, District of Columbia, have invented certain neW and useful Improvements in Riveting Hammers, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to a riveting hammer, and the object of the invention is the construction of a simple and eflcient riveting hammer that employs an explosive charge for actuating the hammendie.

TWith this and other objects in view, my invention comprises certain novel combinations, constructions and arrangements of parts as will be hereinafter described, illustreated in the accompanying drawings, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a top plan View of my riveting hammer, while Figure 2 is a view in side elevation of the same.

Figure 3 is a sectional view, taken on line 3 3, Fig. 1, and loosing in the direction of the arrows.

Figure a' is a sectional view, taken on line %4, Fig. 3, and looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure is a sectional View, taken on line 5--5, Fig. 3, and looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 6 is a diagram of two of my hammers used synchronously for riveting purposes.

Figure 7 is a longitudinal, section view of the synchronizing device for connecting two of my riveting hammers shown in Fig. 6.

Referring to the drawings by numerals, 1 designates the handle-stock; 2 is the barrel, and 3 is the slidable hammer-die mounted in the barrel 2.

ln the top of the barrel 2 is a centering and safety releasing device consisting of a rod 4e which is slidably mounted in the barrel, whereby the pointed head 5 can be placed against a surface. such as plates 6, F ig. 6, for aiming the hammer and for automatically releasing the trigger mechanism as hereinafter described. The rod el is provided with an enlarged portion 7 (Fig. 3) against which coil spring 8 bears for normally holding the pointed head 5 in an extended position. The rod -1 is slidably 1921. Serial No. 457,765.

mounted in the passage 9 (Fig. 3) and its inner end is adapted to engage the safety latch 10, for forcing the latch outward at its bottom against spring 11, so that the pivotally mounted hammer 12 may swing at its outer end upon its pivot as the actuating rod 13 is -forced inwardly by theoperator pressing upon the lower end of the trigger As soon as the operator fully compresses trigger 14, the spring l5 will force the outer end of the hammer l2 downwardly, causing the hammer to hit upon the firing plunger 1G for exploding the cartridge 17, held inthe cylindrical-like firing chamber 13. An or dinary extractor device, indicated at 19, Figs. l and i), is employed for removing the shell oi' the cartridge 1T alter the cartridge has been exploded. The breech-lock is of an ordinary type, being employed for holding the hinged barrel 2 (hinged upon the handle-stock l at Q1) upon the handlestocli l in a closed position, Figs. 1 to 3.

The barrel 2 is provided with exhaust ports 22 and a spring band 23 is placed upon the barrel over the ports Fig. 3. The hand 23 constitutes mulller device, enclosing these ports, lierinitting the gases from the exploded cartridge to pass from the barrel. spring-pressed ball 2l is placed in the barrel, near the tiring chamber 13, this ball acting as a brake or retaining means for holding the hammer-die 3 at the inner end ot' the barrel. The inner end of me hammerdie 3 is dished or hollowcd, as at so as to receive the tapering, cylindrical-lilac cartridge-containing casing 1.8 in which tiring chamber 18 is formed; this hollowed inner end Q5, of the hammer-die 3 and the tiring chamber 18, extending into the hollow inner end 25when the hammer-die 3 is at the inner end of the barrel 2, closes the firing chamber 18, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, so as to cause the smokeless powder used in the cartridge 17 when exploded to be completely burned, and also makes an air cushion at the inner end of the barrel to prevent any shock as the hammer-die 3 moves to its innermost position within the barrel 2; the retaining spring-pressed ball 2l holds the hammer-die at the inner end of the barrel 2 until the cartridge 17 is exploded, then the hammer-die is forced to the outer end of the barrel (Figs. l to 3) against the air cuslr ion, formed at 26; this air cushion is produced within the muzzle die-stock 27 and prevents any injury to the hammer by not permitting the force of the explosion to cause the hammer-die to strike the blow against the retaining die 2T, the blow of the hammer-die being delivered against the rivet, Fig. 6.

Registering apertures 23 are formed in the. barrel and rod 4 (Fig. 3) for receiving the latch 29, which, when enga-ging the bayonet device, will lock the centering and safety releasing device against sliding movemeut. Thesafety releasing device assists in aiming the hammer, then upon the operator pushing inwardly upon the handle-stock, at grip 30, the safety latch-10 will be released by said bayonet device, permitting the trigger to be operated for tiring the cartridge.

Referring to Figs. 3 and 6: In Fig. 6 I have shown two of my hammers; 31 will be styled the riveters and the hannner 32 the bucker`s hammer; these ltwo hammers are identical in structure but one is directly operated by the operator, whereas the other, at the other end of the rivet, on the other side of the surface being worked upon, is synchronously operated, and this is accomplished by employing my synchronizing connecting device 33 in the following manner. The synchronizing device 33 comprises a casing 34 and a casing 35 (Fig. 7) connected by a suitable flexible tubing 36, which is covered by an insulation 37, so that if a liquid (as is usually employed) is in the casings 34 and 35 and tubing 36, it will not congeal or become too cold to impair the operation of the hammers by retarding t-he elficient actions of the pluugers or piston devices 38 in the casings 34 and 35. The casing 34 is provided with a threaded sleeve 39 that screws into the threaded passage 40 of the handle-stockl contiguous to the trigger 14. A sliding plunger 41 is pivotally connected at its outer end to the trigger so that upon swinging the trigger inwardly at its lower end, the plunger will be moved toward the outer end of the threaded passage 40. The piston device 38 is provided with a rod 42 which extends into the outer end of plunger 41. The threaded sleeve 3, of casing 35, is threaded into the threaded passage 42 of the handle-stock which in Fig. 6 is the handle-stock of the buckers hammer 32. Ordinarily, a screw plug 43 closes the outer end of passage 42', but when the sleeve 39?1 is threaded into the passage 42', Fig. 6, the rod 42, Fig. 7, will extend into the outer end of the primary actuating rod 13, so that when the riveters hammer 31, Fig. 6, is-tired, the plunger or piston device 38, in casing 34, will move inwardly, forcing the fluid in the connecting device 33 to actuate the piston device in casing 35, causing the rod 42 to move outwardly, forcing the actuating rod 13 inwardly of the hammer being used as the buckers hammer 32, result- @seance ing in both hammers being synchronously tired by a single operator. i

Through the medium of the adj usting and filling device 44 (Figs. 6 and 7), the liquid or filling means in a synchronizing device may be supplied or emptied therefrom; further, through the medium of said adjusting and filling device 44, the pressure on the liquid (by screwing the screw plug in device 44), can be controlled to a nicety to permit accurate operation of the hammers for liring the cartridges.

It is to be understood that my riveting hammer is a one-stroke mechanism and it is a new departure in the art of riveting to use a revolver-like, simple apparatus for riveting purposes. Further, the construction of the hammer-die 3 may be varied, the desired vdie to be quickly placed in the barrel by simply opening the breech latch 20; different dies may be used for different or special work, and, hence, the desirability of the removable feature of the die. I use my hammer for riveting, busting, punching out, punching, and probably reaming, cutting, chipping and caulking. My hammer will reduce noise 90% over the present tools, and also work more than twice as fast and operate at. one-half present expense and without a power plant.

My centering and safety releasing device is excellent for steadying and aiming the hammer and for operating the safety latch means for releasing the trigger mechanism for firing the charge of cartridge. My gun hammer cannot be fired until the safety mechanism is released through the medium of the centering and safety releasing device. v 45 is a thin, hard, perfect-burning wad used to retain the smokeless powder inthe cartridge 17.

The cushioning means formed at both ends of the barrel Will eliminate shock or injury to the hammer, and will ermit the die to gradually stop, the air cus ion 26 being the means for returning the hammer-die to its first or set position, shown by dotted lines in Fig. 3.

It should be understood that as the force of the explosion drives the hammer-Cie for- Wardly to deliver its blow, the reduced forward end of the hammer die 3 will fill the space within the die-stock 27 and at the time the enlarged portion of the hammer-die will close the ports 22. Therefore, a certain amount of air will be confined in the pocket 26. The hammer-die will continue to move forwardly to deliver its blow to approximately the position shown in Fig. 3, when the air in the pocket 26 will be compressed to a high degree. Immediately. upon the hammer-die delivering its blow it will start to return toward the inner end of the barrel., It is apparent that as the highly compressed air in the pocket 26 suddenly expands, its action will be just the same as a. tightly compressed spring expanding. Therefore, the sudden momentum the expanding air gives to the hammer-die will cause the hammr-die to completely move to the inner end of the barrel to the position indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 3, and this movement is accomplished even though the compressed air may escape through the ports when the hammer-die uncovers the ports, for at the time the hammer-die will be traveling at such speed that it will continue to move by its own momentum, not by the further action of the air, to its innermost position in the barrel 2.

It is my intention to load the cartridges with various and different amounts of powder so that the Correct amount of power may be had by selecting the proper load.

The reduced or closed firing chamber will cause the powder used in the cartridge to be completely and fully burned,

Other advantages, such as the exhausting of the gases from the barrel, the quick action of the breech for cleaning purposes, etc.. will be readily appreciated.

lhile I have described the preferred embodiment of my invention, and have illustrated the same in the accompanying drawings, certain minor changes or alterations may appear to one skilled in the art to which this invention relates, during the extensive manufacture of the same and I, therefore. reserve the right to make such alterations or changes as shall fairly fall Within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a barrel, a cylindricallike casing extending into the barrel at one end, a hammer-die provided with a hollowed,

inner end adapted to move over the cylindrical-like casing, and means for exploding a cartridge or explosive charge in said cylindrical-like casing.

2. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a barrel, a tapering cylindrical-like cartridge-supporting casing in said barrel, a hammer-die provided with a tapering dished or hollowed inner end adapted to ride over the cylindrical-like casing, and means for exploding a cartridge in said cylindrical-like casing against the hammer-die.

3. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a barrel, a cylindricallike casing extending into the barrel at one end, a hammer-die provided with a hollowed inner end adapted to move over the cylindrical-like casing, means for releasably holding said hammer-die in a set position when it is fitting over said casing, and means Y for exploding a cartridge or explosive charge in said cylindrical-like casing, as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a barrel, a cylindricallike easing extending into the barrel. at one end, a hammer-die provided with a hollowed inner end adapted to move over the cylindrical-like casing. said barrel having a spring pressed hall comnnlnicating with the interior of the barrel contiguous to said casing for engaging and releasably holding said hammer-die in a set position when it is fitting over said casing, and means for exploding a cartridge or explosive charge in said cylindrical-like casing, as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

PERCY R. SMITH. 

